Schizophrenia Is A Disease Of The Mind - 953 Words

Schizophrenia is a disease of the mind. It effects all races and ages. There are many dugs that can help treat Schizophrenia, but there is no cure for it. People that suffer from Schizophrenia can be helped by receiving psychological treatments along with a strong support group. The psychiatric disorder I chose was schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental illness that causes people to experience hallucinations, delusions, and confused speech and behavior. I am going to explain what schizophrenia is; offer statistical data, discuss some signs and symptoms, explain complications that exist and diagnostic testing, medical diagnosis and treatment, common drug therapy utilized for treatment, and give a brief synopsis of the drugs. I will also discuss nursing considerations, and patient teaching. The first thing to understand about schizophrenia is the word actually means â€Å"split mind†; â€Å"Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental illness characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and confused speech and behavior† (Tracy, 2015). Schizophrenia can occur with any gender or age, but the typical age and gender for males is in the late teenage years to the mid 30’s. â€Å"Children and people over 45 rarely get Schizophrenia† (Tracy, 2015). All races can get the disorder. Many people with this disorder are medicated and live productive, healthy lives. â€Å"10% of adults with schizophrenia will die by suicide† (Tracy, 2015). Experts believe that drug use does not causeShow MoreRelatedSchizophreni The Disease Within Male Young Adults980 Words   |  4 Pagesaround since mankind ever existed. Schizophrenia was first diagnosed and identified by a German physician, Dr. Emil Kraepelin. Kraepelin discovered the disease within male young adults. A t first, the disease was named dementia praecox. Then, a Swiss psychiatrist, Eugene Bleuler changed the name to schizophrenia. Both Bleuler and Kraepelin subdivided schizophrenia into categories and discovered positive and negative symptoms. Schizophrenia is a brain disease that interferes with normal brain functioningRead MoreSchizophreni The Disturbing Mind Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pages Schizophrenia: The Disturbing Mind Riley A. Herwig West Georgia Technical College Abstract In this paper, I will thoroughly explain the devastating disease known as Schizophrenia. I will provide what the disease is, who is more likely effected, the symptoms of the disease, any known treatments, including medications and different types of therapy. After conducting my research, I have discovered the devastating effects of this disease and the turmoil those who suffer fromRead MorePsychosis, Paranoia And Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe world is being affected by the psychological disorder Schizophrenia every day. The disease itself can be traced back to the second millennium before Christ. Schizophrenia can be diagnosis using Dr. Eugen Bleuler â€Å"positive† and â€Å"negative† symptoms. Schizophrenia is â€Å" a psychotic disorder characterized by loss of contact with the environment, by noticeable deterioration in the level of functioning in everyday life, and by disintegration of personality expressed as disorder of fee ling, thought (asRead MoreBeautiful Mind Case Study754 Words   |  4 PagesNational Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Schizophrenia is defined as: a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with schizophrenia may seem like they have lost touch with reality. Although schizophrenia is not as common as other mental disorders, the symptoms can be very disabling (National Institute of Mental Health, 2017). The thematic presence of paranoid schizophrenia in Sylvia Nasar’s â€Å"Beautiful Mind† resonates as a case study regarding thisRead MoreIs Schizophrenia A Mental Disorder? Essay1502 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects many elements of the body and mind. This mental illness causes people to lose touch with reality Schizophrenia (2016). People with this illness suffer from hallucinations, paranoia, hearing voices, fear and persecutory delusion, which affects a person’s abilit y to think, feels, and behaves clearly. Most people with thinks illness are usually between the ages 16 and 30. Researchers have not found an exact cause of this disease but rather it is geneticallyRead MoreTo What Extent Neurotransmitters are Implicated In Schizophrenia1232 Words   |  5 PagesImplicated In Schizophrenia During the course of this essay. The effects of Schizophrenia will be discussed, and whether or not neurotransmitters have a major implication in the diagnosis of such a disease. First we will look at the neurotransmitters, and how they develop. Followed by the biological implications towards Schizophrenia. Concluding with empirical evidence to support or disagree with the different aspects that effect the prognosis of Schizophrenia. NeurotransmittersRead MoreThe Major Types and Possible Causes of Schizophrenia1082 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia is a severe, debilitating disabling disease. There are more than two million Americans who suffer with schizophrenia in any given year. Some of the symptoms of schizophrenia are hallucinations, delusions, apathy, lack of emotion, disorganized thoughts, difficulty concentrating or following instructions and memory problems. There are no lab tests to diagnose schizophrenia and most times the patient is misdiagnosed with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or major depression (Daily schizophreniaRead MoreSchizophrenia Is A Disabling Brain Disorder858 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia is a disabling brain disorder that has affected many people throughout history. While having this disorder there is many things that goes through a person’s mind. Many people with Schizophrenia may hear voices that other people don’t hear. Also with this disease they belie ve other people are reading their minds, controlling their thoughts, or plotting to harm them. With those symptoms this can cause people to become ill and make them withdrawn or extremely agitated. Some other effectsRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1153 Words   |  5 Pages 1 / 3 Cindy Tien 3-18-15 Per.6 Schizophrenia What is Schizophrenia? Can you imagine living day by day having to hear and see things that nobody else could? You feel alone, lost and different amongst other normal people. Believe it or not, approximately twenty five million people in America have been impacted by this disease called schizophrenia. What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is mental disorder distinguished by disturbances within thought patterns, attention, and emotions. UnfortunatelyRead MoreThe Psychological Disorder Of Schizophrenia Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagesdisorders. Examples of these disorders are; depression, anxiety disorder, Schizophrenia, child hood disorders, impulse control disorders personality disorders, adjustment disorders and family disorders. I chose to write about Schizophrenia so that I can clear the air concerning the basic psychological ailments, and to assist people know what to do if a loved one identifies extremities in the manifestation of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia being a serious brain disorder affecting h ow people think, behave and

Essay on Psych final project - 1844 Words

The Man behind the Madness Ashley Eubanks Psychology/GE375 3/2/15 Brooke Montoya The Man behind the Madness War, bloodshed, and he ruled a country with an iron fist. Who could this man possibly be. No other than Joseph Stalin. Joseph Stalin was a remarkable leader who was feared and loved by his people of Russia. Stalin he has gone through many challenging times, during his upbringing, adolescence, and adulthood. By using the cognitive perspective and the theory of Piaget’s four cognitive stages, and also applying Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to Joseph Stalin, it can help us as a community better understand Joseph Stalin as the ruler and man†¦show more content†¦(Rotnem 2013). Stalin was devastated by his wife untimely death at the funeral Stalin was reported to say, â€Å"last warm feelings for all human beings died as well† (Rotnem, 2013). History will soon prove how true that statement was at a later time. Returning back from being exiled, Joseph Stalin became one of the more significant people when planning in the communist revolution. Vladimir Lenin did not like Stalin finding him crude and capricious. However Stalin was given an unimportant post, general secretary. According to Rotnem, (2013), â€Å"Joseph Stalin used his new powers to appoint loyal subordinates to positions of power and to undermine his rivals.† Later in Adulthood, political career â€Å"†¦ By 1928 Stalin ejected the left deviationists from the party and had appropriated their ideological plan for heavy industrialization and the collectivization of agriculture.† (Rotnem, 2013) Stalin had implemented the full scale industrialization, along with agricultural collectivization. Stalin seized assets, including farms and factories, and reorganized the economy. However, these efforts often led to less efficient production, ensuring that mass starvation swept the countryside. To mask the disastrous results of the plan,Show MoreRelatedFreuds Contributions To The Field of Psychology Essay example1161 Words   |  5 Pagespursue intercourse as a means of gratification. The individual must then become well balanced in all aspects of life in order to live in a normal mental state (Cherry, wilderdom). Furthermore, Freud identified three main areas of the human psych: the id, the ego, and the superego. He believed these three elements are responsible for shaping human personality. Our most primitive element, the id, is composed of primitive instinctual urges and operates on the pleasure principle. If the demandsRead MoreThe Epidemic Of The City Of Jacksonville983 Words   |  4 Pagesas a nation, are too slow to implement this wonderful idea to help others. Nonetheless, we have already witnessed two different geographical locations within the United States of America. For example: San Jose, California has already implemented a project where the city is organizing the ability to house approximately 4000 homeless men and women (Giwargis).The units will be a basic, and have the minimal amenities needed to live. But it is a step in the right direction as it will shed light into citizenRead MoreEssay about Chechen Refugee Camps and Education1414 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Chechen Refugee Camps and Education 620/ PSYCH April 14, 2014 Dr. Neysa Hatcher Chechen Refugee Camps and Education The creation of schools is one of the leading ways to produce hope and stability in refugee camps. Many would love to go to school because, currently they have no other option, but to teach themselves. Refugees can recall having great memories of their past school experiences, which they use as motivation to continue to learn. On account of my involvement with aRead MoreWhat The Lumen Team Is Doing Well. The Lumen Team’S Success1613 Words   |  7 Pageshe challenged the pair to not only solve it on their own, but to also find some improvements. In Google’s Project Oxygen, one of their characteristics of a good manager is empowering their subordinates and Max showed his ability to challenge instead of doing the task himself. The sustainability of a project’s success could be hindered by members feeling they lack a piece of the final project. In team Lemun, it is obvious that team members have their minds set on the end goal and can see where theyRead MorePsych 625 Statistics for the Behavior Sciences Entire Course4464 Words   |  18 PagesPSYCH 625 Statistics for the Behavior Sciences Entire Course To Download This Tutorial Visit below Link http://www.studentsoffortunes.com/downloads/psych-625-statistics-behavior-sciences-entire-course/ (Product Type) : Instant Downloadable We invite you to browse through our store and shop with confidence. We invite you to create an account with us if you like, or shop as a guest. Either way, your shopping cart will be active until you leave the store. All Tutorials will beRead MoreAntimicrobial Resistance1044 Words   |  5 Pagesworldwide1. Inappropriate use of antibiotics amongst the public (e.g. antibiotic self-medication, treatment non-adherence, and irrational expectations for an antibiotic prescription) has played a key role in facilitating this evolving global crisis2. Psych-social factors such as knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes towards antibiotic use and resistance have been found to be closely related to this misuse3,4. The ability to reliably and accurately measure and identify the public’s knowledge, attitudes andRead MoreThe Novel Gravity Journal, By Gail Sidonie Sobat1856 Words   |  8 Pagesher as he suggested the idea of burning Anise’s Barbie dolls and magazines, which helped her focus on herself more and move on with her treatment. Furthermore, Anise starts to convey the meaning of living life, and starts to feel comfortable at 4 Psych-O’s. Moreover, she builds enough confidence to sign up for an art class. Anise’s teacher portrays art as, â€Å"Art is a risky business†¦we’re going to write the women’s body, write on the woman’s body, write the body beautiful. We’re going to dare†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (123)Read MoreHigh School Students Vs College Students(Draft). Do You1029 Words   |  5 Pageselements dealing with student participation and the severity of the problem environment.† (Pittman, Haughwout, December 1987) As we age we realize that college is going to be required of us at some point so why not do it now. We as college students psych ourselves up for this awesome experience, to find that it is stressful and way harder than we thought college was going to be, we learned in high school. So, we go into everything blind thinking one way to find that it is another. But no matter whatRead MoreThe Blurry Lines And Laws Of Dna Fingerprinting1598 Words   |  7 Pagesstreamlined genetic fingerprinting process was the creat ion of the Innocence Project, intended to use the technology for good. In 1992, Barry C. Scheck and Peter J. Neufeld of Yeshiva University Law School started the Innocence Project, the organization aims to reopen cases that could’ve had a different verdict if DNA evidence had been collected at the time and presentable in court. Their mission statement entails the success of the project in the past 23 years, â€Å"the Innocence Project’s groundbreaking useRead MoreDeviance : Society s Rules Of Appropriate Behavior Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pagesstudents. My final class before my break is yoga. During my break before my night class I went to the University Center, and did some homework in the office where I am a student worker. Throughout the day I received a myriad of reactions ranging from doubles takes to obvious staring. Some people tried to take pictures and some of my friends asked to take my picture. In our Deviance class, several people complimented my outfit and asked where I bought my pajamas. A stark contrast to my child psych professor

Micheal Moore “Sicko” Free Essays

I have heard of Mr.. Michael Moore doing controversial films on events In America, such as â€Å"Fahrenheit 9/11†. We will write a custom essay sample on Micheal Moore â€Å"Sicko† or any similar topic only for you Order Now After â€Å"Fahrenheit 9/11† I had not follow Mr.. Michael Moore. Since the movie â€Å"Kickoff’ that Professor Irene Cola showed during class on Friday, February 28th, 2014 1 check to see what else Mr.. Moore was doing. It seems Mr.. Michael Moore has been very busy as more than a filmmaker but as an activist with the type of films he makes. The film â€Å"Clock† Is what I would call one of his activist film documentaries. This film was about the Health care In the united states and In Canada. The film to some point was used to put shame on the Insurance Health Care Industry in the united States. Mr.. Moore did this by showing his on film how the Insurance Health Care Industry in America has cause the death of people, financial hardship due to insurance or medical high cost. Mr.. Moore went as far as interviewing some Doctors as well as people who worked for insurance companies that know from inside experiences the truth of the matter. The matter being, how people in America insurance claims or insurance policies are rejected by Insurance companies Just to save a buck. This is an outrage. Now to compare Mr.. Moore travel across the border to Canada; Mr.. Moore found out while in Canada that Health care was totally free. I had heard in the past from a Canadian the Health Care was free but, never thought much about it. Now after seeing how the Canadians do not have to pay for health care at all. I think that the United States should get on the same page as Canada. In conclusion I do believe that Mr.. Moore movie may have had an effect on Beamer being past in this country. I believe this because it became a world issue when the movie was viewed all over the world. It seems that this is what has to happen sometime to get the wheels in motion. Although Beamer Is not as benefiting as the health care in Canada it Is a start. All Americans will Just have to Walt for the next Health Care Insurance Reform. Michael Moore â€Å"Kicks† By guesthouse I have heard of Mr.. Michael Moore doing controversial films on events in America, Since the movie â€Å"Kicks† that Professor Irene Cola showed during class on Friday, Michael Moore has been very busy as more than a filmmaker but as an activist with The film â€Å"Kicks† is what I would call one of his activist film documentaries. This film was about the Health care in the United States and in Canada. The film to some point was used to put shame on the Insurance Health Care Industry in the United States. Happen sometime to get the wheels in motion. Although Beamer is not as benefiting as the health care in Canada it is a start. All Americans will Just have to wait for the next Health Care Insurance Reform. How to cite Micheal Moore â€Å"Sicko†, Papers

The Case Analysis of Enron

Question: Discuss about the The Case Analysis of Enron. Answer: Introduction This report is about the analysis of the bankruptcy of the Enron Corporation. This is an American energy company based in Houston. The bankruptcy was one of the largest bankruptcies in the world which led to the dissolution of Arthur Andersen, which was one of the largest accountancy and audit partnerships across the globe. The event was not only the biggest bankruptcy; undoubtedly it was the largest audit failure. The company is one of the most famous companies in the world but also one of the companies which fell down too fast. There were several reasons for the failure of the audit program and the bankruptcy of the company. Major reasons of the bankruptcy of the company were inefficient management, accounting fraud and conflict of interest. The company had some severe issues regarding the responsibilities from the side of the management of the company. Due to these reasons, the company has lost the high reputation in the global market and became bankrupt which became one of the mo st famous negative news in the world. There were some faults from the individual person and the whole management committee of the company for which the incident happened. In this report, the reasons behind the problem have been analyzed with the use of relevant theories of the organizational behavior and leadership style. After analyzing the problems some solutions have been given as the alternatives for resolving the issues. The alternative solutions are again analyzed for the selection of the best solution for handling the issues. The problem: Before the bankruptcy in 2001, the company was worlds leading company in the sections of natural gas services, electricity services, paper and communication services. The annual revenue of the company rose from $9 billion to $100 billion in between the year of 1995 to 2000. After the great rise in the business, the company faced the highest level of failure (Carnegie Napier, 2013). In the last section of 2001, they revealed that the reported financial condition was sustained by systematic and creatively planned by accounting fraud. In the first section of 2000, the share price of the company was $90 per share and in the end of year, the price got down to less than $1 per share. This fall was the reason of losing almost $11 billion of the shareholders of the company. After that incident, the company changed its financial statement that they have faced lose almost $586 million. After that the company faced the bankruptcy in December 2, 2001 (Steffensmeier, Schwartz Roche, 2013). One of the major problems faced by the company was the internet boom; they failed to properly analyze the recent trend of the internet regarding different kinds of new businesses. There was another problem which was regarding the type of investigation done by the executives like Mr. Skilling. He pointed out questions regarding the balance sheet of the company but did not give deep focus in the area of the open investigation of the proper documentation of the analysis of the internet information. The open investigations regarding all type of business operations and decision making process could lead the company to a better posit5on in the global market (Markham, 2015). Another major problem faced by the company was becoming too evident in the recent years: Wall Streets loss of objectivity. Investment banks were able to make more money from the investment deals and merger operations than from the broker fees. One common problem faced in this area is the conflicting loyalty regarding the analysis. The organizations may have the problem when an executive found some reports obsessive and some of the analysts found those helpful. Major causes behind the problem and alternative solutions: Truthfulness: Lack of truthfulness from the management end of the company regarding the health of the company was one of the major reasons behind the bankruptcy. As per the executive director of Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, Kirk Hanson this was the main reason of the bankruptcy of Enron. According to him the organization had to be the best in every type of activities and should protect the compensation and reputation. There was lack of evidence regarding the announcement of rising tendency of the stock and disclose of selling the stock by the CEO. Moreover the employees were unable to learn the selling activities of the stocks within days or weeks (Markham, 2015). After the investigation of the bankruptcy of the company, the shareholders were able to learn the sale of the CEOs stock when the sell-off would otherwise disclosed. It was a huge delay. The stock was sold to the company for repaying the amount owed by the CEO of Enron. This was qualified as an exception under the general director and officer disclosure document. This was not required to be reported until 45 days later the ending of the financial year of the company (McLean Elkind, 2013). In order to resolve this issue, the company should take the necessary steps at the time of announcing the sale. The shareholders should be properly informed about the actual condition of the stocks and the way of selling the stocks. Information transparency among the shareholders is a vital fact in this type of area. Another problem was the documentation or the discloser requirement. Normal director and officer disclosure was not enough for this type high risk decisions. The decision needed to be taken under proper legal documentations and the reports were required immediately. Interest: Conflict of interests was a major issue of the company. Beside the conflict interests, lack of independent oversight of management of Enron played an important part in the firms collapse. The conflict of interest happened between two roles played by Arthur Anderson. He played the role of auditor of the company but also as a consultant to the company. At the time of investigation, Enron sought to salvage the business through spinning off different types of assets (Zhang, Xiong Shen, 2013). The firm had narrow minded focus in the area of the earnings growth and price of the stock. Besides this recent regulatory changes focused on increasing the accounting ability and strengthening the internal accounting and control system. The existing chairman of the company Kenneth Lay who was the chief executive also, has resigned and Stephen Cooper was the new chief executive. The restructuring of the business resulted in a complex tie up business with UBS Warburg. The agreement was that they will share some of the profit amount but has not paid for the trading unit (McLean Elkind, 2013). In this context, the restructuring was not done properly by the new chief executive. It is quite difficult to restructure an organization for a person who does not know so much regarding the operations previous operations within the organizations. The restructuring may be most successful if the person who is doing the activities is familiar with the operational environment of the organization and knows all the pros and cons. Therefore, it can be concluded that the organizational restructuring needed to be done after some time of the joining of the new CEO (Bushman et al., 2015). The new decisions required to be taken after he understood all the perspectives of the situations. The tie up business was also not profitable as the bank has not pay for the trading unit. Although they were agreed to share the profit, still was a loss as this unit was one of the main business activities of the company. In this type of cases, any business organization should understand the profit level from t he business unit and should not tie up over this type of business deal. Market Analysis The Enron was public listed company associated with government bodies and also manages by market pressure, under maintenance of government authorities and also regulated by private associated companies and their associates like external auditors, equity analysts and also several credit rating agencies. The external governance of the company is basically depends upon the supportive and trustworthy nature of external auditors. There are several biased auditors who are taking benefits to approved contract for the company in unethical ways. The unethical behaviour of appointed auditors of the Enron basically sell their assets at higher prices but doing manipulation to in their financial statement while showing profit of the company. Enron Company basically hides their profitability and applies for higher loan from financial institutions which is one of the primary causes for bankruptcy in the market. Company has been shown better profitability scenario in front of market investors to generate more business fund specifically. The business traders of the company Enron has been force to forecast higher future cash flow and lower discount rates for the company Enron for long period of time. The traders company are benefited by the company in unauthorised pattern. In the actual projected long run income of the company is totally positive and inflated, which is manipulated by the organization for hiding profit from government authorities. The special purpose entity According to the accounting policies followed by the organization Enron required to exclude special purpose entity in the stated financial statement for that specified year of time. The independent financial parties of the company required to be controlled by special purpose entity. And also they were owns minimum 3 percentage for special purpose entity. Enron Company has been found an unethical way to hide and their collected debt from financial institutions at a lower investment grade and business investment activities (Bolton, Brunnermeier Veldkamp, 2013). The special purpose entities are using collateral stocks which have been traded in the market under observation of Chief financial officer of the company. The higher authorities of the company are responsible for borrowing financial support from many financial institutions within their operations period of time. They were used those allocated money for overvalued contracts of the company which is not mentioned in the financial statement declared by them. The special purpose entity which is an important part of the company to generate financial stability, but here as per financial statement Enron is unable to cover the borrowed loan and already collected loans and financial obligations from the generated income for that period of time. There are many financial observations which are responsible for transferring the stocks to special purpose entity accordingly (Guiso, Sapienza Zingales, 2015). The debt and assets acquired by the special purpose entity of the company were created many difficulties for the company for compensating the higher amount of financial debts, which is not declared in the annual financial reports prepared by the appointed auditors of the company. The allocated shareholder of Enron has been misguided by the authorised associates appointed by the company that debt and financial obligations for the company and their revenue and operating income is increasing accordingly within specified period of time. Conclusion: In conclusion it can be said that the management of the company was highly responsible for the biggest bankruptcy faced by it. The decision making error of the company was irreversible and main reason behind the error was the improper evaluation of the information. In order to get the desired level of success and hold the reputation in the global market, a business organization should follow a good corporate culture where the leaders are responsible for taking the decisions properly. If the faults found in the decision making section, then the business organizations cannot grow further. In this case, the similar thing happened to the company, they have a high level of reputation in the existing global market, but due to the improper decision making the biggest audit failure happened. Information transparency is highly required for the big business originations for achieving the success through the team work for achieving a corporate goal. The company faced the problem of lack of info rmation transparency among the shareholders. The company required to follow the corporate objectives and should take the decision by informing all the share holders and the employees when necessary. The company followed some wrong policies and procedures regarding the business operations and the decisions were taken inefficiently by improper analysis of the internet data. The forecasting regarding the market share of the company and the stick prices were wrong, so the decisions based on the activities were also wrong. Moreover the company conducted the activities of decision making in unethical way. They hide the debt taken from the financial organizations unethically which resulted in loss of reputation of the company as well as the auditor. Recommendations The first thing which needed to be changed is the organizations culture. As a globally reputed company, Enron needs to develop a healthy corporate culture in their workplaces. The company had many shareholders who were not involved in the scandal but faced the huge loss due to the bankruptcy. The main reason behind this is that they were optimistic at the time of decision making. The corporate culture of the company should be developed in such a way where all the share holders will be active for tasking any decisions regarding the business operations of the company. In this improved corporate culture, all the relevant information will be shared to all the shareholders properly and the decisions will be taken after getting confirmations form all of them. None of the business decisions will be taken if any conflict exists among the shareholders. The analysis system of the company needed to be updated. The system should be updated with the efficient way of utilizing the internet information and using the information properly in the decision making process of the company. The management of the company should give a deep focus in the area of the new market trend as it is changing very frequently and the way of money making. Any type of unethical business practice should be avoided by the company for keeping the reputation unscratched. The company should follow the concept of To-good-to-be-true. This should be followed by the board of directors of the company for following the ethical way of money making which will help them to gain profit in the business and developing a good impression in the market. The overall case analysis of bankruptcy activities, it is shown that higher authorities of the company are properly responsible for entire unethical and unfair managerial activities. There are also several financial manipulations activities incorporated by the company in terms of market analysis, maintaining financial statement analysis and also operational activities within specified period of time. If the senior management of the company and the employees of the operational team gave proper focus on the operational and investment activities of Enron Company, these unethical activities and bankruptcy can be avoided by the organization within that specified period of time. These entire financial crisis is responsible sue to ignorance and negligence of other associated entities and stakeholders of the company specifically. As the company legally terminated by the court and also given mandatory restriction for other organization not to support this company financially and other term, i t shown that unethical activities has been in a major term which was highly offensive and cannot be avoided by the legal authorities. These judicial decisions are also provided lesson for other companies in that particular economy to avoid such activities and also making them aware about the final consequences respectively. Implementation and responsible authorities Individual entitys angle According to the companys holding policies and corporate acts can be the expected from an individuals perspective to properly bear the moral duties and responsibility accordingly. The appointed Chief executive Jeffrey Skilling and chief financial officer Andrew Fastow has been illegally operating and transferred organizational properties from their cooperative organization. The Andrew Fastow appointed CEO, he is professionally violated corporate ethics and initiated the criminal activities within their operational period of time. In order to develop the corporate culture as discussed in the previous section, all the board members are responsible. This culture should be developed by the interest of all the shareholders as well as the senior level of employees of the company. Meetings among the shareholders and senior level employees for the culture development and agenda should be developed in the meeting (Spillane, 2012). The employees of the company are also responsible for the entire moral and ethical violation activities also they are carrying the unethical business after knowing the fact behind it. The appointed employees of the company are also morally responsible for these unethical acts (Northouse, 2015). After the bankruptcy activities, the entire legal activities of the company Enron has been shown that senior management of the company was also equally responsible for improper activities and disclosures within their operational activities and others. The legal court has been taken decision that the primary and vital reasons behind the bankruptcy were their unfair and misstatement activities and they have also provided decision that no other company should provide support to Enron in professional way; otherwise legally their license will be cancelled for permanent time period. After court cases and bankruptcy Enron has been losses their organizational reputation and negative perception accordingly (Aaker Joachimsthaler, 2012). From the perceptive of Corporations angle The corporate acts followed by the organization in terms of appointed managers and also shareholders higher stock activities to realize the financial stability facts of company. According to the corporate perspective, the entire entity was not responsible for this financial scandal. If the companys appointed managers, employees and shareholders can avoid those situation by paying immediate and prompt outcome and responsiveness. References: Aaker, D. A., Joachimsthaler, E. (2012).Brand leadership. Simon and Schuster. Abdel-Khalik, A. R. (2016). How Enron Used Accounting for Prepaid Swaps to Delay its Bankruptcy for a Decade: The Untold Story.Available at SSRN 2764464. Aven, B. L. (2015). The paradox of corrupt networks: An analysis of organizational crime at enron.Organization Science,26(4), 980-996. Bolton, P., Brunnermeier, M. K., Veldkamp, L. (2013). Leadership, coordination, and corporate culture.The Review of Economic Studies,80(2), 512-537. Bushman, R. M., Davidson, R. H., Dey, A., Smith, A. (2015). Bank CEO Materialism, Corporate Culture and Risk. Carnegie, G. D., Napier, C. J. (2013). Popular accounting history: evidence from post-Enron stories.The Accounting Historians Journal,40(2), 1. Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., Zingales, L. (2015). The value of corporate culture.Journal of Financial Economics,117(1), 60-76. Markham, J. W. (2015).A financial history of modern US corporate scandals: From Enron to reform. Routledge. Markham, J. W. (2015).A Financial History of the United States: From Enron-Era Scandals to the Subprime Crisis (2004-2006); From the Subprime Crisis to the Great Recession (2006-2009). Routledge. McLean, B., Elkind, P. (2013).The smartest guys in the room: The amazing rise and scandalous fall of Enron. Penguin. Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Spillane, J. P. (2012).Distributed leadership(Vol. 4). John Wiley Sons. Steffensmeier, D. J., Schwartz, J., Roche, M. (2013). Gender and twenty-first-century corporate crime: Female involvement and the gender gap in Enron-era corporate frauds.American Sociological Review,78(3), 448-476. Zhang, S. Y., Xiong, K. H., Shen, K. (2013). Research on Evaluation Problem of Culture Construction of Military Industrial EnterprisesTake Corporate A as an Illustration. InProceedings of 2012 3rd International Asia Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management Innovation (IEMI2012)(pp. 517-525). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

The Erl King Essays - Mythic Humanoids, Erl King, Elf, Ballads

The Erl King ?Sore trembled the father: he spurr'd thro the wild. Clasping close to his bosom his shuddering child. He reaches his dwelling in doubt and in dread. But clasp'd to his bosom, the infant was dead.? Taken from ?The Erl King,? by Johann Wolgang von Goethe, one can certainly sense the eerie and suspenseful mood. The author forms this mood by creating well-structured characters and a unique dialogue. There were only three characters in ?The Erl King?: the boy, his father, and the Erl King himself. Yet, each takes on an important role in conveying the eerie, suspenseful mood of this poem. The Erl King is actually a spirit, seen only by his victims. That fact alone gives the mood of the poem a supernatural, mysterious feeling. It is seen that not only is the Erl King mysterious, but he is quite manipulative. He tries to entice the boy into going with him, promising him great fun and happiness, but once he recognizes the boy does not want to leave his father, he becomes angry. All patience is lost and he becomes more forceful with the boy. His change in temperament quickly reassures the reader that the Erl King is out to get what he wants at all costs. The young boy is but a vulnerable child and is an easy target for the Erl King because of his young age. His father thinks that he is imagining up the Erl King, when in fact he is real. The knowledge that the reader holds adds suspens e to the already eerie mood, because the reader knows that Erl King is real and that he is trying to take away the young boys life. The father remains clueless though and you hope the he soon realizes what is happening in order to save his child's life. The dialogue of the poems also displays the mood at hand. The author has the boy repeatedly warn his father that the Erl King was near, trying to take him away. Despite the boy's fear, the father dismisses what the child says, after first telling him that it was something else altogether. ?O father! O father! now, now keep your hold. The Erl King has seized me- his grasp is so cold.? The urgency in the young boy's voice lets you know what a frightful thing is taking place. He yearns for his father to realize what was happening, adding urgency to the mood of the poem. As the Erl King is whispering into the boy's ear, you can only pray that he will be safe in the arms of his father, as they together travel through Germany's Black Forest in the dark of the night. The eerie, suspenseful mood well created in this poem is unmistakable. The author has created a mood so that anyone that reads the poem will become aware of it. Word after word, Johann exceeds his boundaries of dramatic irony, until the final curtain closes of the young boy's untimely death. English Essays

How To Market A Brand New Feature With Kathryn From CoSchedule

How To Market A Brand New Feature With Kathryn From Organizing new product launches and telling customers about new features can be a daunting task. It can be difficult to know exactly how to market your products and features to your audience, and you might have trouble coming up with just the right language to attract the attention of your target audience. Today, were chatting  with s product marketing lead, Kathryn Nyhus. Kathryn helps organize product launches and comes up with the specific messaging necessary to speak to our varied customers. She’s a super-smart marketing nerd, which helps her fit right in with the team! Kathryn’s background and how it has helped her in her current position at . How Kathryn has helped get  more organized with the implementation of checklists and timelines. How the team comes up with speaking points for a feature. Some of Kathryn’s favorite techniques and methods of marketing a new feature. How segmenting helps the team tailor their marketing emails to the right audiences. How to continue to market a feature once the initial excitement of its launch fades. Kathryn’s best piece of advice for marketers who are launching a new product or feature. Links: Example of  recent product marketing:  4 New (Mind Blowing) Features Launching This Year + 3 You Should Already Be Using! If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud,  Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Kathryn: â€Å"Content marketing is the piece that builds the trust and attracts people and product marketing really starts to develop the relationship.† â€Å"Put yourself in the customer’s shoes of asking, Why do I care? Keep asking yourself, But why?† â€Å"Constantly be in contact with your customers.†

Choose a topic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Choose a topic - Research Paper Example He proved himself to be an essential part of literature’s history, being not only a poet but a literary critic, a playwright, leader of literature’s modernist movement and winner of Nobel Prize in field of literature. Thomas Stearns Eliot was born in St. Louis on 26th September 1888 (Shook 722) to Henry Ware Eliot and Charlotte Stearns Eliot. He had six other siblings; his mother was a poet too. In 1905 he graduated high school, the following year was spent at a private prep school called Milton academy in Massachusetts. He started his term at Harvard in 1906 September, he studied from professors like Irving Abbott and Paul Elmer there, and both of whom became a major influence on Eliot’s writing. There influence on Eliot was through his stress on tradition and his classicism. Eliot also studied Dante’s poetry which too became his primary inspiration and source of enthusiasm. Eliot completed his B.A in 1909 and stayed at Harvard to complete English literature’s master’s degree. He left in fall of next year and went to Paris where he spent a year. He took courses at Sorbonne, wrote, read and mostly soaked the atmosphere in Paris. When he returned to States, he also went back to Harvard, where he continued taking graduate course now in philosophy, also serving as teaching assistant. In academic session 1914-1915 he was awarded travelling fellowship, with that he chose to go to Germany to study, yet he had to leave from there after just few weeks due to outbreak of World War 1. He went to London after his stay at Germany was terminated, which then became his permanent home. Eliot got a chance to meet Ezra Pound, through a class fellow from Harvard on 22nd September 1914; Pound too soon became major influence on Eliot’s literary career and its development. Eliot wrote one of his most famous poems â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock†

Civil Rights and Civil Liberties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Civil Rights and Civil Liberties - Essay Example General opinions are that just as prohibition was ineffective through rebellion, so is likely to be the case with prohibiting use of such recreational drugs as the marijuana. The exercise of imposition of such an amendment is definitely much high and this would caution ratification for the impending likelihood of inefficiencies as people would reason thus supporting the legalization of the same. Among pointed out arguments in support to the legalization of these recreational drugs is increased government income through tax and the likelihood of controlling drug abuse. Reasons against the success of the prohibition revolve around the likelihood of the ban to lead to increased drug abuse besides heightened crime, as was the case with the 18th amendment. There have been heated debates within the US in support of or against legalization of such drugs as marijuana, which are considered recreational. According to Swift, 7the support to legalization of Marijuana has increased substantially to double since 1970. The boost to the increase in acceptance comes with the flexibility exhibited by the current administration under president Obama who shows high flexibility on the topic. Swift points out the increased acceptance in the use of marijuana for medical reasons as a reason enough to support the benefits that would be derived in the legalized use of the same. However, he also points to the shortcomings that are pointed out from the medical perspective in increased use of the same. It is argued that increased use of marijuana has the potential of increasing health problems such as through respiratory complications, memory problems and increase in heart rate. These are arguments that would be raised to counter the presumed benefits that would be derived from the legalization (Swift, para 1-6). It is worth noting that marijuana is currently a prohibited drug within US under federal law though recent moves have seen increased legalization of the drug among member states, a move that the Obama government appear to support. For instance, Washington as well as Colorado had voters approve the legalization of such drugs in November last year through referendums. Other states are already in the record of decriminalizing the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes and allow the public to be found in possession of small quantities of the substance. However, there are still rising concerns among medical specialists on the associated health drawbacks that result from the uncontrolled use of marijuana as a recreational drug (South Atlantic news agency, 2013, para 1-5). This are arguments that contradicts the arguments advanced by supporters of the legalized use of these drugs who argue that marijuana, for instance, has been in use for therapeutic purposes long enough and has accompanying benefits. This therefore points out to the existing tags between supporters who would advance reasons to favor legalization of such recreational drugs and their counterparts w ho advance support against legalization of the same. In my opinion, I would consider legalization of recreational drugs as an appropriate step within the modern world as it concerns US. This is because; prohibition has potential of resulting to increased crime in black market operations involving drug

Law, Globalisation & Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Law, Globalisation & Ethics - Essay Example With the world becoming a global village and globalisation is a common phenomenon, there is a complete need for the strengthening of the law and order in the society and also the society becoming ethical in its approach. With the increase of globalisation the rate of natural calamities on the world has also increased, and it has become a tremendous problem for the sustenance of mankind. It has even a long term effect on those who have survived from such deadly event. It is almost impossible to prevent such happenings but what can be possible is to soothe the life of the victims who have been affected by such events. This can only be done through the constant effort of the law and ethical orientation of the society. And it has to take place not only from the affected place but also from the entire world, which is actually the true meaning of globalisation (Sayles, 2008). UK’s International Search and Rescue Team is a special team which has been successful in many life saving operations throughout the world. It is been operating since the year 1967. To undertake rescue missions both in United Kingdom a well as abroad, it is registered under the British Government, the United Nations Secretariat (INSARAG) and even with the International Civil Defence Organisation. In all major events ranging from floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, war and missile attacks, the team has been constantly beside the victims. The teams have supported such victims in all possible way they could have done. They have saved thousands of life in such misfortune events. With the growing dangers even there is a growing need of such volunteers to be part of the international rescue missions. But it should also be checked that the law and the ethical conditions permit to such situations (British Civil Defence, n.d.). The fire department is one such department that has been one of the most valiant departments fighting with all odds to save the life of several people

An Evaluation Of The Impacts Of Tourism Tourism Essay

An Evaluation Of The Impacts Of Tourism Tourism Essay In this project I would like to take a look at the relationship between tourism and the people living in popular tourist locations; specifically the deep impact tourism has on local culture. This topic interests me as although I have never visited the global south myself, many of my friends and acquaintances travel there frequently for vacations. Tourism is sure to have many effects on these destination type communities. I know that many of these destinations are in poorer areas of the world. Some significant effects that tourism has on these areas manifest themselves economically, socially and culturally. Though tourism may create jobs and stimulate the local economy there are some downsides to tourism and aspects of the influx of visitors that may be harmful to local cultures. In my research paper I will analyze the benefits that tourism has on local economies in relation to the social and cultural impact on the community. I hope to evaluate just how beneficial potentially short-te rm economic stimulus is in the face of potential harm to the economy in the long term, local people and local culture. I will discuss this topic globally but with a focus on Southeast Asia and specifically India. My paper will emphasize the important question: is vacationing in a third world country potentially unethical? Or does the stimulus to a developing countrys economy justify the social and cultural implications of tourism and the development that tourism brings in the area. Looking at the ethical issues surrounding this will also be an important factor in determining whether the cultural impacts of tourism is acceptable or justifiable by the economic benefits. In my opinion, although tourism does support economic growth in many communities there is deep and irreversible cultural impact. In Tourism in Destination Communities Shalini Singh looks at an idea by Jafar Jafari the author of Encyclopedia of Tourism. Jafari created the consolidated platforms of tourism. One of Jafaris four platforms is advocacy- that is to say that tourism is capable of economic good. Another platform, the cautionary platform, emphasizes the importance of noting the complex interactions at the local level. The other two platforms are Adaptancy (which is described as pro community tourism) and Knowledge based which is a holistic treatment for community-based tourism (Jafari cited in Singh 2003). Singh and S.W. Boyd (26-30) discuss relationships between tourism and destination communities in terms of win-win, win-lose, lose-win or lose-lose paradigms (Carter and Lowman, 1944; Nepal, 2000). Examples of win-win situations do exist and this indicates that tourism can indeed be economically beneficial to a destination community. The example given by Boyd and Singh is that of Ayers rock (Uluru) wh ich is one of Australias most famous tourist attractions. Although Australia is not a country typically considered to be part of the global south I believe this example is relevant as the aboriginal communities in the area could easily be marginalized and exploited by tourism. The community however takes an active role by defining their relationship with tourism as having control and choice. (Mercer cited in S.W. Boyd and S. Singh: 1994:37). The community participates by providing educational services, which allows them to convey that the religious and cultural significance of Uluru is something to be respected. (Wells, cited in S.W. Boyd and S. Singh 1996:37). The local businesses in the area benefit and are owned by the people of the aboriginal community. This example is congruent to Jafaris platforms of Advocacy and Adaptancy and it shows tourism in this scenario as pro community and capable of economic good. As this situation is economically beneficial to this area, without comp romising or de-valuing the local culture, it is an excellent means of development. Another example where the local community benefits is the win-lose situation, a very salient example being Cuba. The community benefits economically, although mass tourism does not. This is achieved through policies and marketing that emphasizes quality tourism by restricting the number and type of tourists (high spenders, low numbers). The tourism is marketed for exclusivity and affluence and this is done through selective marketing and catering the services towards wealthier people. Cubas tourism industrys markets strategically to target Canadian snowbirds who also take long-term vacations in Florida (Peters 2002:4). Their vacationing for long periods of time in a US location and their ability to spend US currency indicates their affluence. Another strategy is the development of golf courses in the area. Miguel Figueras, a tourism ministry economist and advisor in Cuba, says that golf is a feature t hat can attract higher spending tourists (Peters 2002:5). Strategic tourism planning allows a country to tap into the wealth of the global norths wealthiest tourists allowing maximum economic benefit without mass sharing of what they have to offer. However there are many situations in which local economies lose. This is especially common in coastal-resort based tourism along the Mediterranean coast. These developments only offer short term economic gain and result in long term loss in terms of the community as well as the environment. Although tourism does create many jobs, including direct employment (jobs in hotels and restaurants), indirect employment (jobs not a result of direct tourist spending- such as laundries and banking), and induced employment (jobs created in the community as a result of increased income of members in the community) the majority of jobs are seasonal and part time (D. Ioannides 2003). In addition often much of the money spent by tourists leaves the country. The majority of the money spent by tourists on their vacations goes towards their travel costs and their accommodations. This means the money leaves the country and goes to airlines and transnational corporations who run hotel chains. This can res ult in a good portion of local people sharing their surroundings with tourists without ever actually seeing or experiencing any economic benefits themselves (Krotz 1996:215). Although tourist spending may add an influx of foreign currency to an economy, as well as create a bigger market in terms of demands for goods, which in theory can lower prices, it is important to consider that while tourism receipts rise, agriculture output declines (James Mack, Tourism and the Economy). This is a result of fewer people working in the agricultural sector. In that case the net profit of tourism is actually less than it initially seems, once the loss from agriculture is taken into account. Although some economic benefits resulting from tourism are apparent, there are definite burdens placed upon the destination community. A very prominent challenge is the residents view of visitors and their relationship with them, as outlined by M. Fagence (Tourism and Local Society and Culture). Residents have a negative attitude towards tourists if they do not see immediate and clear economic benefits of their presence, especially in the form of jobs and income. Contrary to James Macks theory that the tourists create a larger market for goods, thus lowering the prices, residents blame tourists for a rise in the price of goods. In a qualitative study by Neha Kala (2008) findings show that tourists are also seen as the cause of increased criminal activity and reduced moral standards by the host community. This is where we have to consider tourism beyond the impacts to the economy. In communities with rich traditional backgrounds some residents see the influence of visiting tourists as compromising to traditional values, as the affluent lifestyles of visitors can be appealing and seductive to the younger generations in the area. The influx of visitors brings the possibility of sometimes unwelcome social or cultural change. In Rajasthan traditional elders often scold children for speaking to tourists. (Joseph 2007:204). Locals see tourism as an exporter of Western lifestyle. (Kala: 2008) Across India, Western dress is popular amongst young males who wear jeans, shirts and baseball caps. (Joseph 2007:211). This is the result of many youth trying to emulate Western tourists (Kala: 2008). Some facets of Western lifestyle however not only replace traditional culture, but also are directly contradictory to them. A priest in Pushkar was quoted in India Today saying The youth here find the openness in foreign girls too tempting. (Joseph 2007:211) This problem is amplified if the host community does not recognize that the behaviour of most tourists are atypical to how the y normally behave and that the behaviours displayed by tourists are reserved for times of recreation, and are not the tourists usual behaviour or even their usual moral standards. Most concerning of M. Fagences findings are that residents blame tourists for reducing the significance of local culture by trivializing and making a commodity of it. In an article by Rosaleen Duffy this idea of culture as a commodity is expanded on. Duffy outlines how tourists are often looking for an authentic cultural experience; however what is considered authentic is nearly always defined by the tourist, resulting in the tourist not really looking for cultural understanding but to serve some other self-serving purpose. Tourists conceptualize their travel stories in a way that assists them in narrating their self-identity. Tourists travel as a means to escape, to broaden the mind, or for self discovery. An illustration of Duffys view that our society uses travel for self-defining and self-narrating purposes, as well as a means to understand culture and for self discovery is the popular movie Eat Pray Love, starring Julia Roberts. In the movie, Liz sets outs after her divorce to e xperience the culture in Italy, India and then Bali. The trailer includes many consecutive images of Liz eating authentic Italian pizza, praying in an old stony temple, touching a painted elephant, brightly coloured flowers being thrown at an Indian wedding, and biking through farmland past villagers carrying baskets on their heads. Liz in the movie is desperate to marvel at something and this is the very notion that Duffy presents in her research as motives that are a felt need for respite from the exigencies of modern life, and/or as authentic projects of self-discovery. In her article, Duffy cites Urry (1994:236-238) who argues that tourism can be reduced to the consumption of signs, images and texts. Evidence that tourism is the consumption of pre-conceived images is in Hillary Brenhouses article (July 22nd, 2010- prior to the release of the movie) where she describes recent vacation packages marketed by luxury hotels and spas to recreate the transformative Eat Pray Love journey . By defining an entire culture into consumable signs and images, tourists participate in the further manifestation of orientalism created by the tourism industry reinforcing images that create a sense of placelessness and even timelessness (Dann, 1996b: 125, cited in Duffy). A demonstration of tourists being consumers of discourses of placelessness and timelessness is the popular tourist destination Rajasthan, in India. The two most marketed marquees of Rajasthan are Royal and Colourful. (Henderson 2007:72). These are the two main features the tourists are looking to consume when they visit. These discourses are prominent in the naming of different locations of the province by tourists and tourism industry. Jaipur is referred to as the Pink City and Jodhpur is known as the Blue City. Royalty links Rajasthan back to the past. Medieval India is romanticized and guests will experience an encounter with a royal past. In this way the Authentic Rajasthan experience is reduced to a few signs and symbols. The most prominent example of a marketing of placelessness and timelessness is the Chokhi Dhani Resort. Located throughout the province of Rajasthan with a few locations elsewhere in western India, this resort is chaired by a NRI (Non-Resident Indian) statione d in Dubai. The Government of India heralds the chain of Chokhi Dhanis as Indias most innovative Tourism Project (official website). The resort is described as a Five-star village resort and includes fifty-five Royal cottages and eight Haveli suites, Havelis being the traditional residences of local royalty. This ethnic village includes conference rooms, spa, fitness, and accepts all major credit cards. What we can conclude from this is that the desire of foreign tourists to experience a sense of timelessness and placelessness is understood and capitalized on. Although this may be trivializing of local culture and history it is important to consider here that many locals are directly participating- and in a way heritage tourism gives them a type of ownership. The foreigners desire to see something that they preconceive as authentic is understood and cashed in on. Most respondents of Kalas study agreed that tourism encourages the mass production of pseudo-traditional arts and that ma ny non-traditional artisans are attracted to this work. This propagates tourists misconceptions because these traditional arts often bought as souvenirs allow the tourist to physically carry the discourse home with them. In some ways however this type of activity increases a communitys sense of pride. The revitalization of some traditional arts such as dance and the propagation of traditional fairs are deemed to be a positive effect of tourism. An example of this is festival of Teej; tourists interest in the festival ensures that every year it continues to be extravagant. Tourists also have a positive effect on the up keeping of historical and religious heritage sites as a result of tourist interest in them. (Kala: 2008) A preserved site is the Ghats in Pushkar, a Hindu pilgrimage site. An increase in popularity of eastern spirituality in the Western world brings many tourists here. Although this creates some inconvenience for Hindu devotees, ownership is taken through religious rhe toric aimed at tourists. Many signs around the Ghats include instructions about how tourists should and should not behave in this place of religious significance. The local priests, similar to the aboriginals at Ulurru, define the significance of this site. However concerned the priests are for the sanctity of the area they are still willing to commodify the religious experience and often perform simplified prayer service or puja for western tourists at four times the price of a native pilgrim. (Joseph: 2007) Although this active role is taken by the locals, religious devotees, and the government, the culture and tradition here is still made available to a consumer for a price. The government protecting the area for the economic benefit can also be seen as the ultimate commodification. This puts a sticker price on the countrys religion, culture and history. Nothing indicates ownership more than putting a price on ones belonging. Although many of these destinations are places of esca pe for tourists, and tourism may introduce some economic benefits to the local area. I believe that the degradation and trivialization of the local culture that ensues is not worth the price. It is however important to remember that as residents of the global north we are poor judges of what is truly beneficial to these regions.

Full Swing into the Revolution: The Uprisings of 1968 :: Free Essays Online

Full Swing into the Revolution: The Uprisings of 1968 The year of 1968 proved an eventful one throughout the world; it witnessed the culmination of antagonism and dissatisfaction of oppressed people everywhere, and their subsequent retaliation against that oppression. A common element of rebellion in cities around the world was its incitement against authority: "the target of rebellion was power – power over people and power over nations, power exercised on the international plane by great imperial states, by governments within nations, or by people in positions of dominance over the powerless under them." (Daniels, 5) In Paris students rose to rebel against school authority, and were later joined by a working class exploited by new government regulation of trade union leadership. In Peking, youth retaliated against China’s bureaucratic government. In San Francisco a hippie counterculture expressed defiance in myriad ways, exhibiting their disagreement to the power authority expressed over them. In Chicago, youth protested the country’s role in the Vietnam War. And in Memphis and Washington D.C., the fight for equality was one waged by African Americans, tired and enraged by their inferior status in American society. The unifying factor in each rebellion, begun for their individual causes and grievances, was the plea for equality against some dominating power (structure). Robert V. Daniels, in Year of the Heroic Guerrilla, called the events of 1968 revolutionary. His definition: "Revolution’s essence is a turnabout, whether temporary or permanent, in the basic values that hold a society or a significant segment of society together and legitimize its character." (9) Evaluating this definition, one must analyze to what extent each of the aforementioned rebellions resulted in some type of turnabout in the societies within which they existed. Rebellion of a largely student and working class population in Paris caused great changes in the values and sentiments of French society, evidenced by the wave of horror and shock the public experienced upon news of the riots. Daniels alleges that changes through these societies were temporary, and characterized by the "quick collapse of all these movements of defiance, seemingly so deeply rooted in the character of modern or modernizing society. This year of revolutionary spectaculars actually represented not the upsurge of discontent but rather the peak and downturn of the process." (241) Furthermore, Daniels specifically speaks of the events in Paris, where: "the violent acts of the radical minority only prompted reaction and repression by the conservative majority.

Decline in Communal Living in the Pacific

Abstract This essay will discuss the major reasons for the decline in communal living in the Pacific. Firstly the essay examines issues in regards to social change which are migration and conflict of interest. Secondly, the essay will discuss concerns from an economic standpoint where education and employment are considered. Thirdly, the essay will look at cultural issues in regards to Westernization and cultural identity. The essay concludes that the Pacific people need to realise in order for communal life to stay alive, these issues must be dealt with.Countries in the Pacific have their own unique way of living. Communal living is seen to be the traditional way of life in the Pacific. People are bound together by their culture and tradition. Therefore, this way of life is slowly declining and being forgotten due to many major reasons. Some of these major reasons for the decline in communal life within the Pacific are likely due to issues such as social change, economic and culture . Firstly one of the issues for the decline in communal living in the Pacific is social change.Migration is an issue related to social change, people looking for a diverse lifestyle elsewhere plays a major role in the decline in communal life in the Pacific. People want to experience a different way of life from the traditional communal way of living (Stahl & Appleyard, 2007). For example, Cook Islanders that still reside in a communal way of living, everything from chores to eating and entertainment are done together with the other members of the family or community, but many are pulling away from this way of life because they prefer to do things on their own..Also, to consider is the migration of people from a different culture and tradition into the pacific, who will have an influence on the Pacific islanders who may turn away from the communal lifestyle. An example of this would be foreign workers migrating into the country and bringing with them their way of life from their cou ntry as well as their culture in which young people could be influenced by this new lifestyle. Therefore, migration is a major factor in the decline of communal life in the Pacific.Another point to consider is conflict of interest within the family in regards to land or religious beliefs. Land issues have been a contributing issue to many disputes within the family. Members of the family fighting over the same piece of land have caused hatred and disarray amongst family members. For instance, in Rarotonga when a person is given a piece of land to occupy and build a dwelling, they must go to court to obtain an occupation right. Once the occupation right is granted the occupier has seven years to build their dwelling.Should they fail to erect a building within the timeline set a member of the family have the right to request that the occupation right be cancelled and a new occupation right be given to another family member. Also in relation to conflict of interest are religious belief s. Families and communities can be set apart because of the difference in religion. For example, Sabbath for a Seventh Day Adventist believer is observed on a Saturday, therefore this is a day of rest and their day at Church, where as Sabbath for the Catholic religion is observed on Sunday.Therefore, issues of land and religious beliefs are a large influence in the decline of communal living. Secondly another issue of importance in regards to the decline of communal living in the Pacific is economic concerns. Education can be seen as a contributing factor to the change in communal living in the Pacific. There are opportunities offered in education, and as people study towards a higher level of education, they have had to move to countries such as New Zealand, Australia, Fiji, and America.When they have completed their studies many people take up employment, whether it is within the township or overseas (Veramu, 2000). Therefore, education and employment contribute to the decline in communal living in the Pacific. Furthermore, employment opportunities are also an economic concern in relation to the decline in the communal lifestyle. The development of towns and cities bring about employment opportunities so therefore, a better pay packet and a new lifestyle encourage people to leave the traditional way of life and migrate to â€Å"greener pastures† overseas.An example of this would be, in the Cook Islands the minimum hourly wage is be $5. 00 NZD per hour as a cleaner, compared to $13. 85 NZD per hour working as a cleaner in NZ (Clarke, 2013). Thus, employment is an issue in regards to the loss of this way of living in the Pacific. Thirdly, cultural values are also an issue in respect to the decline of communal life in the Pacific. A related aspect to culture issues is Westernization in which many Pacific Islanders have adopted the lifestyle and culture of western countries.For instance, in the Cook Islands if there was a marriage ceremony in a village, e veryone in the village would come together and prepare food, and decorate the building where the wedding ceremony would take place as well as the reception, it was an open invitation and everyone in the village(s) would come to celebrate. This no longer occurs as the influence from the west has changed the way people think. Therefore, western culture influence is also responsible for the decline in communal life in the Pacific.Moreover, in relation to culture issues is the loss of cultural identity which many people are experiencing today, therefore this is a concern in the communal decline of life in the Pacific. In the past every person knew how to speak the language of their country, also knowing the protocols of their villages, and genealogy; the majority of people today have forgotten or have not been taught by their parents. For example, from the age a child is able to understand and communicate with people, they are taught by their parents, as well as people in the village ab out life and other experiences.Thus, the cultural loss in one’s identity is a reason for the decline in Pacific communal life. To conclude, it is essential to be aware of the major reasons for the decline in communal life in the Pacific in relation to social impacts, economical concerns and cultural values. The Pacific people must realise that communal life is declining and it is threatening the traditions and culture of the Pacific. Traditional values and issues should be considered more to re-strengthened communal life in the Pacific. Communal life will die out if the issues are not examined and considered by the people in all the Pacific countries as a whole.

Sex In The Bible Essays - Judaism And Sexuality, Free Essays

Sex In The Bible Essays - Judaism And Sexuality, Free Essays Sex In The Bible Sex in the Bible For my book report I chose the topic of sex in the Bible. I thought that it would be a very interesting topic because in many churches discussion of sex and sexuality is taboo. I thought that by reading this book I could become more informed of what the Bible truly says on the subject. I also chose this topic because I felt that it would be easier reading a book about the bible on a topic I was interested in. Most subjects pertaining to the Bible are not interesting to the average teenager, and I felt this book would be fun to read. The name of the book was Sex in the Bible by Michael R. Cosby. Cosby discusses five parts of the bible in which sexual relations are discussed. First he discuses the laws that apply to sex in the Hebrew culture according to the book of Dueteronomy. Secondly he discuses the wisdom advice of the book of proverbs. Cosby then discuses the actual act of sex in the book of songs. Next he writes about the topic of sex and sexuality in the synoptic gospels. Final ly he discusses sex in the books of Corinthians and Paul's letters to the Romans. Cosby's goal is to interpret the true beliefs of the early Jews and Christians. The book of Deuteronomy is a book of laws directed for the Hebrew. They are laws given to them by their god Yahweh. The book of Deuteronomy has several rules and laws pertaining to sex. The book was written within a society that was very male oriented. Thus the book makes the assumption that the wife is property of the husband. This did not give the husband the right to treat his wife as a slave, however only he had the option of divorce, and he only had the option of verifying his wife's virginity. The basic two principles behind the laws of sex in Dueteronomy are that: sex was to be only had in the confides of marriage, and that the women must be a virgin going into the marriage. Pertaining to the act of premarital sex, either by free will or by force, the punishment is death by stoning. If it turns out that the women was raped, then that man which committed the crime will be forced to marry the women, and is forbidden to divorce her ever. As far as a women not being pure when she is married, Dueteronomy says that the husband has the right to bring this claim to his new wife's father. If the accusation is true than the women will be stoned to death in front of her father's house. Having an impure daughter was an ultimate disgrace to a father, in that it was his resposibility to prevent that. If the claims turned out to be false then the husband was beat in public and charged one hundred coins to be given to the bride's father. There are also several other topics involving sex that are mentioned Deuteronomy. The act of polygamy is considered an acceptable practice, and in many cases expected. Under Hebrew law if a man died his brother was obligated to take his brother's widowed wife's hand in marriage. If the brother were already married then it would be expected of him to now have two wives. There are two other laws mentioned in Deuteronomy that are seen as sins to Yahweh, but are not punishable by death. Those two acts would be prostitution, and transvestitism (or the act of men dressing like women and vice versa). These acts, although not punishable by death, were seen as sins by God, and anyone who partook in the act of prostitution or transvestitism would be accursed. Moving on, Cosby goes to the book of Proverbs. Proverbs, unlike Dueteronomy, does not dive laws about sex, but rather advice about it. Proverbs is not based on a covenant motif but rather on accumulated wisdom that has resulted from many years of observation. It is similar to Deuteronomy in that it addresses a great number of different aspects of life, but the way it is presented is much different. There is

Free Essays on Men And Womens Idea Of The Perfect Date

Men & Women’s Idea of the Perfect Date Contrast Paper Point-to-point Dating is a common subject when it comes to people over the age of 15. In order to form a lasting relationship, one must first go on dates to find out about a member of the opposite sex. Most dates are fun for both people, but some are just enjoyable for one member of the date and not the other. Men and women differ in their pre-date rituals, their post-date rituals, as well as their idea of the perfect date. About four hours before the date is supposed to begin, many women get their nails done. Some even go to the mall to get a new outfit. Men, on the other hand, might play a pick up game of basketball or baseball. If they are not doing this, then they are most likely watching TV or playing video games. Women worry that they are not going to impress their date. Just the other day, my friend, who was going on a date, made me walk through the mall with her for two hours trying to find the perfect shirt. Men are not as concerned about taking the time to get ready. As long as they can take a shower and shave, they are ready to go. The average man probably spends no more than one hour getting ready for a date; however, the average woman spends about three to four hours getting ready. The actual date is the most exciting part of the whole process. Many women dream of a man picking her up in a convertible, having a candlelit dinner, and watching the sunset on a beach. Men love eating a pizza at the house and watching a sporting event on the television. I asked my ex-boyfriend once what his perfect date would be, and he said that he would take me 4-wheeling and fishing! Most men feel more comfortable in a relaxed setting that they are familiar with or doing something that is appealing to him. Women like receiving flowers, having a romantic evening, and doing new and different things, especially if the man takes the time to plan it. After the da... Free Essays on Men And Womens Idea Of The Perfect Date Free Essays on Men And Womens Idea Of The Perfect Date Men & Women’s Idea of the Perfect Date Contrast Paper Point-to-point Dating is a common subject when it comes to people over the age of 15. In order to form a lasting relationship, one must first go on dates to find out about a member of the opposite sex. Most dates are fun for both people, but some are just enjoyable for one member of the date and not the other. Men and women differ in their pre-date rituals, their post-date rituals, as well as their idea of the perfect date. About four hours before the date is supposed to begin, many women get their nails done. Some even go to the mall to get a new outfit. Men, on the other hand, might play a pick up game of basketball or baseball. If they are not doing this, then they are most likely watching TV or playing video games. Women worry that they are not going to impress their date. Just the other day, my friend, who was going on a date, made me walk through the mall with her for two hours trying to find the perfect shirt. Men are not as concerned about taking the time to get ready. As long as they can take a shower and shave, they are ready to go. The average man probably spends no more than one hour getting ready for a date; however, the average woman spends about three to four hours getting ready. The actual date is the most exciting part of the whole process. Many women dream of a man picking her up in a convertible, having a candlelit dinner, and watching the sunset on a beach. Men love eating a pizza at the house and watching a sporting event on the television. I asked my ex-boyfriend once what his perfect date would be, and he said that he would take me 4-wheeling and fishing! Most men feel more comfortable in a relaxed setting that they are familiar with or doing something that is appealing to him. Women like receiving flowers, having a romantic evening, and doing new and different things, especially if the man takes the time to plan it. After the da...

The Impact of Web Analytics on E-Commerce Essay

The Impact of Web Analytics on E-Commerce - Essay Example Managers are also able to establish what customers need, understand the business environment and make informed decisions to boost business performance. At the technological, organizational, operations and management levels, web analytics has tremendous impacts. Technology has made web analytics possible and effective. With the help of modern technologies, organizations have achieved great goals with web analytics. The paper discusses web analytics and its impacts on the organization on various fronts. The Impact of Web Analytics on E-Commerce from Each of the Following Perspectives: Management, Technology, and Organizational Web Analytics Web analytics is a general term that entails the study of the effects of Websites on the users (Hasan and Polya 2009, p814). Harinath et al. (2011, p118) defines web analytics as the web data analysis. In other words, the business intelligence permits analyst to have an insight of web-based businesses such as customer support and e-commerce. Web ana lytics permits an individual to recognize consumer behaviour and identify general trends on sales so that the business can personalize its services for the consumers and increase their satisfaction levels. With web analytics, the business can understand how well its online, content, and products processes are functioning (Harinath et al. 2011, p118). The process of getting web data and creating a data warehouse entails collection of data, which is, getting data from commercial enterprises, third-party sources, campaign advertising, and web logs. It also involves the transformation of data, that is, making the existing log data useful and relating it to the company’s campaign advertising, third party, and commercial data sources. It also entails reporting of data, which is, publishing and storing the data in a meaningful way such that the directors and analysts can comprehend what they are reading (Harinath et al. 2011, p119). The main aim of web analytics is to transform data collected from various sources to get a meaningful intelligence concerning the company’s website. It entails the process of storing, analyzing, filtering, and collecting commerce, click-stream, and third-party data. The click-stream BI situations range from designing the web site better, understanding the navigation patterns, and comprehending what the users search to personalize the recommendations (Harinath et al. 2011, p118). Currently, e-commerce companies or organizations make use of web analytics software to evaluate actual details. These details include the number of people visiting their site, the number of visitors who are unique, â€Å"how they came to the site, what keywords they searched with on the site’s search engine, how long they stayed on a given page or on the entire site, what links they clicked on, and when they left the site† (Hasan and Poyla 2009, p814). Web analytic software is also utilized in monitoring if the pages on the site are wor king appropriately. With such information, the administrators are capable of determining the popular site areas and areas within the site that are not getting traffic. The administrators then use the data collected to streamline the site in a manner, which creates the best experience (Hasan and Poyla 2009, p814). E-commerce is done through the email and the World Wide Web. Television, radio, print media, web banners, and emails are among the common means

Personal and Professional Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Personal and Professional Development - Essay Example Based on my personality and self-assessment test result, a personal career action plan was presented in this report. Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 2 Table of Contents ................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4 2. Application of Theoretical Frameworks to Learning Experiences ............................ 5 2.1 Myers-Brigg’s Test ..................................................................................... 5 2.2 Johari’s Window ......................................................................................... 6 2.3 SWOT analysis ........................................................................................... 7 3. Career Action Pl an .................................................................................................... 7 4. Conclusion ................................................................................................................ ... ...................................................................... 16 Appendix IV – SWOT Analysis Framework ........................................................................ 17 1. Introduction The act of getting to know oneself is important in both personal and professional development. Basically, my future career goal is to become a successful and effective HR manager. To make my future career goal a reality, I take it as a challenge to continuously improve my leadership skills at all times. Managing people is one of the most difficult jobs a person can have. Aside from keeping each employee motivated at work, it is part of the HR managers’ responsibility to handle each corporate employee effectively. By doing so, the HR manager can help the company save a lot of time, money, and effort in training and retaining a large number of highly competitive employees (Jackson, Schuler and Werner, 2012, p. 194). A company is usually composed of a group of diverse empl oyees. The fact that each employee has a unique set of cultural background, religious beliefs, educational attainment, work attitude and behaviour makes the task of HR managers even more complicated than it seems. For this reason, I assume that there is a strong need for HR managers to further improve their leadership skills. Leadership is strongly relevant to my preferred professional career and development. By focusing on the need to improve my leadership skills, I will be able to strongly â€Å"influence, select, equip, and train† employees without the need to use strong force on them (Winston and Patterson, 2006, p. 7). Furthermore, I strongly believe that through the use of a strong charismatic technique, I could easily win the attention and support of each employee. This will make me able to

Analytical paper on either Daisy Miller Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analytical paper on either Daisy Miller - Essay Example The heroine of the story Daisy miller is a typical representative of American life. Winter Bourne first meet this girl of beauty of charm in Vevey , Switzerland. At the first sight itself Winterbourne is attracted towards her and thinks that all Americans are like her. After a few talks with her he remarks that the young lady is â€Å"really not in the least embarrassed.† Winter Bourne came to know about her father that he is veryrich and does not like European culture. The free will of Daisy is exploited by Winter Bourne though he knows that such advancement in behavior is not polite. He continues to keep in relation with her against the opposition of his aunt Mrs. Costello. She considers Daisy as a disgraceful character only because that she agrees with Winterbourne to visit the Chateau de Chillon immediately after they have known each other for only half an hour. â€Å"I haven’t the least idea what such young ladies expect a man to do. But I really think that you ha d better not meddle with little American girls that are uncultivated, as you call them. You have lived too long out of the country. You will be sure to make some great mistake.† What the readers feel at this moment is about the absolute innocence of the character Daisy Miller. She is incautious and behaves according to her own impulses instead of vigilance and rule. This is the typical nature of the Americans. She was bold enough to break the barriers of the European culture even if it happens unknowingly. During their visit Winterbourne informs her about his coming visit to Geneva the next day. Daisy expresses freely to him her sadness of the event and asks him meet her later. The lack of knowledge and experience, both the leading characters face in the story is also a mindful attempt from the writer .In Rome Daisy and Winterbourne meet meeting the parlor of Mrs. Walker. When he comes to know about the relation between Daisy and Giovalli, he doubts whether he failed to unders tand Daisy. It is more clear when he sees the two sitting their in colosseum and Winterbourne is unable to understand the right and the wrong. One of the main themes of the story is Winterbourne s question about Daisy’s innocence. It can also be considered as ignorant or untamed etc. At first he considers Daisy as merely ignorant and harmless. But when the story progress he even doubts her mindset, lack of concern for modesty etc. The problem of communication is also a major theme with regards to the relation between Daisy and Winterbourne. Daisy reacts on impulses to the world around her without bothering about the response and felling of the public. Winterbourne on the other hand who is a typical representative of European American culture often feel inwardly. He always thinks about how to view Daisy. He even applies the known conventional rules. Towards which Daisy seems to be ignorant. The incapability of Winterbourne to come deep in the life of Daisy is due to his lack o f compassion. Sometimes we feel that fate of Daisy is due to Winterbourne and he himself is the leading character of the novella. His waiting and trying to find a proper answer to the questions in his mind about life seems to of misuse at the end of the story. Daisy is affected by ‘roman fever ‘and dies at the end. Only at that point Winterboune comes to understand that Daisy is innocent. The author himself says that the theme of this novel is innocence

China in Africa Essay Example for Free

China in Africa Essay In brief the NAI Policy Dialogue questions the World Bank recommendations for large scale agriculture to solve the productivity and equity problems in African agriculture. The whole issue of property rights is intimately linked to the question about agriculture and development. The contribution by Benjaminsen and Sjaastad on aspects of property rights formalization in Africa draws on recent processes in Mali and Tanzania. A general conclusion is that the formalization of property rights in rural areas is a very complex and problematic issue. There is a high risk of the process being co-opted by officials and a wealthy elite, if necessary provisions are not made. Finally, Kjell Havnevik draws our attention to the relationship between inequality and climate change. This contribution is based on a presentation he made in Berlin in June 2007. Decoding the evolving China–Africa relations is the theme of an article written by NAI Research Director Fantu Cheru. He suggests that policies and programmes to deal with the present imbalances between China and Africa require us to revisit and redefine the NEPAD agenda. A regional approach will, in his opinion, help African countries to negotiate from a stronger and better platform. During 2008 researchers at NAI will continue to devote attention to this topic. In our interview section we present one interview with Martha Qorro, professor in English language, on the question about the language of instruction in Tanzania. She is of the opinion that the best way to teach English is not to use it as the language of instruction. She also responds to the question why the question of language of instruction has become such a sensitive political issue in Tanzania. In our second interview Jerome Verdier, chairman of the Liberia Truth and Reconciliation Commission, points to the fact that the TRC’s part of the conflict resolution is nothing new. Liberia has a history of resolving community conflicts at the round table. But in the past there were no prolonged conflicts, such as the recent 4 year period of massive human rights violation. In the research section we present the result of a conference which took place at NAI, Uppsala, in September 2007 regarding the ongoing discussions between EU and the ACP countries on Economic Partnership Agreements. The discussion at the conference highlighted the lack of connection between the poverty alleviation goal and the reality of the negotiations, despite numerous political declarations on both the EU and ACP sides. Key decisions on EPAs will soon be made by EU and ACP ministers. The Africa Europe Group of Interdisciplinary Studies, AEGIS, of which NAI is an active member, is presented through three contributions. Photo by Susanne Linderos News from the Nordic Africa Institute 3/2007 First, we bring you an interview with the AEGIS Chair, Professor Patrick Chabal of King’s College, London.

Significance Of Site Layout Planning Construction Essay

Significance Of Site Layout Planning Construction Essay Site layout planning can affect productivity and is crucial to project success. However, as construction is heterogeneous in the nature of its organizations, project designs, time constraints, environmental effects, etc., site layout planning for each project becomes unique. Affected by many uncertainties variables! And variations, site layout planning is a typical multi objective problem. Introduction Problem solving requires representing the problem in a language that problem solvers can understand. However, solutions of most construction problems rely on empirical Knowledge about the site layout that can be as a site space allocation for material storage, working areas, units of accommodation, plant positions, general circulation areas, and also access and egress for deliveries and emergency services. Furthermore, conflicting objectives and the uniqueness of construction projects like bad site layout make the problems difficult to conceptualize and define. In this report presenting, a routine task for many site staff in both precontract and postcontract stages of site layout planning of the typical multi criteria and multi objective construction problems. It is very much influenced by types of construction, density of development, and whether the site is bad or in a good layout. Significance of Site Layout Planning Site layout shows the relationship of the proposed site with its surroundings with respect to communication, approaches, and existing facilities. Good site layout planning assists in minimizing the traveling time and movement costs of plant, labor, and materials, activity interference during construction work, and site accidents, and ensures that work on buildings and other construction positions is not impeded by the thoughtless storage of materials on these locations. So site layout can thus either enhance or adversely affect construction productivity and progress. It is important to acquire the knowledge of the project site before setting out the site layout. The knowledge about the project site can be obtained from: Site Investigation Site investigation is a process of site exploration consisting of boring, sampling and testing so as to obtain geotechnical information for a safe, practical and economical geotechnical evaluation and design. Generally it is an exploration or discovery of the ground conditions especially on untouched site. In other words the main purpose of site investigation is to determine within practical limits, the depth, thickness, extent and compositions of each subsoil stratum, the depth and type of rock, the depth and composition of groundwater, the strength, compressibility and hydraulic characteristics of soil strata required by geotechnical engineers. Sometimes it is also known as geotechnical investigation. Wok Procedure for SI Steps of work involved in site investigation: 1.Desk study to collect all the relevant data and information, 2.Reconnaissance of site works, 3.Planning program after reviewing the above, 4.Ground or soil exploration includes boring, sampling and testing, 5.Laboratory testing (also field if necessary), 6.Preparation and documentation of SI report, 7.Engineering design stages, 8.Review during construction and monitoring. Steps of Soil Exploration Soil exploration consists of: Boring: Refers to drilling or advancing a hole in the ground. The test would include hand auger, motorized hand boring (wash boring), deep boring (rotary drilling), and/or trial pits. Sampling: Refers to removing soil from the hole. The samples can be classified as disturbed or undisturbed sampling. Disturbed samples are usually used for soil grain-size analysis, determination of liquid limit, specific gravity of soil as well as compaction test and California bearing ratio (CBR). The undisturbed samples are collected at least every 1.5 m and if changes occur within 1.5 m intervals, an additional sample should be taken. Testing: Refers to determining the properties from the soil. The test can be performing either at laboratory or at field. Laboratory testing would normally be moisture content, sieve analysis, liquid limit, compaction test, CBR and so forth. Field test would include Standard Penetration Test (SPT), Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and Vane test. Record of Soil Exploration It is important to keep complete and accurate records of all data collected. Boring, sampling and testing are often costly. A good map giving specific locations of all boring should be available. All boring should be identified and its location documented by measurement to permanent features. And all pertinent data should be recorded in the field on a boring log sheet. Soil data obtained from a series of test boring can best be presented by preparing a geologic profile: Arrangement of various layers of soil, Ground water table, Existing / proposed structures, Soil properties data (e.g., Standard Penetration Test values). The profile was prepared with data obtained from the boring, sampling and testing of each borehole from selected points. Summarizing Scope of site investigation works when planned by different engineers tend to be varied because there are an infinite number of conditions to be met and the process of planning also leaves many areas where individual judgment and experiences must be applied. It is also impossible to attempt to provide an exhaustive step by step guideline applicable to all possible cases. It should be realized that there is a possibility that any site investigation may leave some area unexplored or overlooked. The main risk in foundation design is the uncertainty involving in predicting soil conditions which may change with environment. The more site investigation the more it will reduce the margin of uncertainty but the time and cost requirement will be exorbitant. Therefore the extent and the cost of Site Investigation should be such that risk is at an established acceptable level to the designer and also comply to the accepted code of practice. Decision Criteria and Site Facilities Adopted in Site Layout Planning Although each site layout is unique, site layout planning can be resolved into a repetitive selection-evaluation process. Several analysis techniques can be used for the selection process for example, the dominant factor analysis and Parker s judgment technique, which can be used to screen out available decisions in choosing facilities, and identify key decision factors and locations for each particular facility. All space-planning problems consist of a set of activities to be located and a space in which to locate them. Site layout planning consists of identifying the facilities needed to support construction operations, determining their size and shape, and positioning them within the boundaries of the site. So, the most temporary facilities are classified into six important categories, which are tabulated in Table 1. Table1. General Classification of Temporary Facilities Temporary facilities Description Access road and exit Needs vary with the type of project and the stage of the job. It will normally be linked with the plan of construction and in some cases may actually control the progress of construction. Ideally, short direct routes and one-way traffic are encouraged. Location of plant and equipment Choice of the major items of the plant is of real consequence on most sites. Correctly chosen and well operated and maintained equipment enables a construction project to be completed efficiently and economically. Material storage and handling area Areas must be set aside for the storage and handling of material. The objective here is to minimize waste and losses arising from careless handling, bad storage, or theft, and to reduce costs by obviating double handling or unnecessary movement. Site accommodations and welfare facilities Consideration should always be given to the possibility of ensuring that the site accommodations are kept at a suitable distance from the construction work and are in such a position to enable the site staff to conduct their duties (welfare facilities also) Temporary services This includes water supply, electricity supply, gas, telephones, and drainage the requirements of which may vary between different projects. Workshop position Position should be indicated to enable the site supervisor to arrange for the erection of the following types of workshops: 1) fitter s shops and work area; 2) joinery shop and machinery area; 3) Reinforcement and bar bending areas; and 4) Concrete mixing. Bad site layout planning Bad site layout is usually a multi criteria problem involving in construction site without any or less temporary facilities regarding to the type of project. Fig1.Bad site layout Figure1 shows one of the bad site layouts occurs daily in construction site that the Decision makers made mistake. As you can see there are some missing temporary facilities like: 1. There is no enough access road to use. Only have two main entries that all type of vehicles can access. 2. No female toilet for any side of the site layout. 3. They don t provide any temporary office place 4. There is no storage for steel, timber and other facilities. 5. No temporary services including water supply pipes and waste storage like septic tank. According to all that things, we can say the site layout planning is bad layout. Cause for the lake of or missing of some important facilities that leads the hall project to be fulfilled. Conclusion Site investigation product plane such as space allocations and material transportations need a lot of experience and knowledge. The planning of a site layout in practice will depend upon a number of factors such as the time and money. The need for careful site layout and site organization planning becomes more relevant as the size and complexity of the construction operation increases, and especially where spare site space is very limited.